Tasty, moist pork wrapped with half-soft, half-crispy dough, Shanghai Sheng Jian Bao (生煎包, pan-fried pork buns), traditionally served as breakfast, make a great party food.
Like many modern cities, Shanghai is full of wonderful choices when it comes to food. I had numerous scrumptious meals during my trips there.
The diversity and creativity of this giant city’s culinary profile was quite impressive. However, the most memorable meal I had there was at a humble, busy breakfast stall which served the local speciality: Sheng Jian Bao/生煎包 (pan-fried pork buns).
Sheng Jian Bao/生煎包 (aka Sheng Jian Mantou/生煎馒头) is a type of Chinese pan fried bao buns. The wrapper is made from yeast dough and the filling contains minced pork, spring onion and various seasonings. It’s quite small in size, similar to a golf ball or even smaller.
In Shanghai, Sheng Jian Bao/生煎包 (pan-fried pork buns) are traditionally served as breakfast at little cafes and street stalls. They are often cooked in a large pan in front of the queueing customers.
Truly fresh and super tasty, they are simply irresistible! The wrapper has a lovely soft texture with a golden, crispy base . The filling is very flavoursome and moist.
A few years ago, I got a chance to learn the technique of making Sheng Jian Bao/生煎包 (pan-fried pork buns) from a Shanghainese friend. I found it rather simple as it was very similar to how we cook Shui Jian Bao (水煎包, means water-fried buns literally, often vegetarian) in the North-west of China where I grew up. There are five steps to follow:
1. Make the dough. It’s a type of simple yeast dough used in many Chinese dishes, like the one I shared earlier: Spring onion flatbread.
2. Mix the filling. The minced pork is seasoned with spring onion, ginger, light soy sauce, rice wine, Sichuan pepper and sesame oil, etc. In order to make the cooked filling soft and moist, you need to gradually add quite a bit of water (or even better, chicken stock) to the mixture. Stir constantly until no more liquid can be seen.
3. Shape the buns. In this part, you might find it a bit intimidating to seal the buns. It is time consuming if you are not familiar with the folding technique. But I’m sure you’ll soon get the hang of it (please refer to the images above for instructions).
4. Fry the buns. Firstly, crisp the bottom part of the buns in hot oil. Then pour water into the pan and cover with a lid. The steam will help to cook through pretty quickly. A tip: You can either put the folded side facing up or down (As shown in the photos below, I cooked a panful in two ways). Just remember to securely seal the top if you prefer the latter to avoid any juice leaking from the filling.
5. Sprinkle the garnish. I particular like this final touch. Sprinkle finely chopped spring onion and toasted sesame seeds onto the buns at the very last stage of cooking. The remaining steam in the pan helps these sprinkles to stick onto the wrappers. Not only does it looks pretty, it also adds extra flavour to the buns.
I often make Shanghai Sheng Jian Bao/生煎包 (pan-fried pork buns) for parties. It’s a perfect finger food that’s loved by young and old. If you wish, prepare some dipping sauce on the side. For example, you can use the dressing recipes for dumplings, etc.. Don’t forget to add a dash of homemade chilli oil if you fancy spicing up the buns.
Sheng Jian Bao: Pan-fried pork buns (生煎包)
Ingredients
For the wrappers
- 250 g all-purpose flour, about 2 cups (see note 1)
- 1 teaspoon sugar
- 1 teaspoon dried instant yeast, see note 2
- 140 ml lukewarm water, about 9 tbsp
For the filling
- 250 g minced pork, 9oz
- 2 tablespoon spring onion, finely chopped
- ½ tablespoon ginger, minced
- 2 teaspoon light soy sauce
- ½ teaspoon Shaoxing rice wine
- ½ teaspoon sesame oil
- ¼ teaspoon salt
- 1 pinch ground Sichuan pepper, or Chinese five-spice powder
- 5 tablespoon water, or chicken stock
For frying
- 1 tablespoon cooking oil
- 240 ml water, about 1 cup
For garnishing
- Toasted sesame seeds
- Spring onion, finely chopped
Instructions
Prepare the dough
- In a large bowl, mix flour, yeast and sugar. Pour in water little by little while stirring with a pair of chopsticks (or a fork).
- Then knead with your hand until a smooth, elastic dough forms (see note 3). Cover the bowl with a wet kitchen towel.
- Leave to rise in a warm place until double in size. It will take between 40 minutes to 1.5 hours depending on the room temperature.
Mix the filling
- Put all the ingredients for the filling (except for water/stock) into a large bowl.
- Swirl constantly in the same direction while gradually adding water/stock spoon by spoon into the mixture.
Shape the buns
- Knead the dough on a floured work surface until it goes back to its original size.
- Divide it into 20 equal portions. Roll each piece into a disk-like wrapper.
- Hold the wrapper in the palm of one hand. Place some filling in the middle. Use the other hand to fold the edge anticlockwise by pinching with thumb and index finger until the bun is completely sealed (please refer to the images above).
- Leave to rest for 15 minutes before frying.
Fry the buns
- Heat up oil in a frying pan over a high heat. Place in the buns (see note 4 & 5).
- When the bottom part becomes golden brown, pour in water then cover with a lid.
- Uncover when the water evaporates completely. Sprinkle sesame seeds and spring onion over.
- Cook another 30 seconds or so to crisp up.
NOTES
CALORIES
Hi! Is it possible to just pan fry it without adding the water? will the pork inside be fully cooked?
You’ll need to use water to steam them. Otherwise, the wrappers will be burnt before the filling becomes fully cooked.
I’m excited to give this a try! I saw you mention that if using ground beef, you’d want something not too lean. My preferred meat is ground turkey. If there anything I could add to the turkey to make it more suited for this recipe?
Thank you so much!
Hi Kristin! The goal is to create a juicy, tender filling that doesn’t taste too dry once cooked. If using lean turkey mince, you can try adding some aspic in the filling (find instructions in my recipe for Soup Dumplings).
This sounds so delicious! I want to try making these so badly! Would you ever add aspic or gelled broth in solid form when you’re mixing the filling (kind of like in making XLB), or do you always add liquid broth? Thank you!!!
Yes, you can add aspic for sure. Please check out my recipe for Soup Dumplings (Xiao Long Bao) which uses aspic to make an extra soupy filling.
Thanks so much for the great recipe. Immediatly joined out family favorite list
My pleasure to share Dan!
Truly delicious! Thank you for sharing the recipe! Came out perfectly and was a huge hit!
Wonderful! Glad you’ve enjoyed it!
I want to try Bao but only steamed. Do you have a recipe for steamed Bao? I am a lover of anything dumpling or rice and have just discovered Bao. They look so delicious. I love your recipes because they are not intimidating and encourage me to be adventurous. Thank you.
Yes Diane! I have several steamed bao recipes: Pork and Carrot Bao, Char Siu Bao (Chinese BBQ Pork Bao), Gua Bao (Taiwanese bao with pork belly) and sweet ones like Custard Bao and Red Bean Bao. Happy steaming!
We made these yesterday and they were delicious. As good as we ate in Shanghai when living there. Thank you, Wei! Rita&Steve, Masterton NZ.
That’s wonderful to hear! Glad you’ve “travelled” back to Shanghai through my recipe.
Love your recipes – I make these for my mom all the time because it reminds her of her childhood. I’m wondering how you go about estimating the calories for this dish?
Very happy to hear that Rosy! It’s so sweet to cook childhood favourite for you mom. For this recipe, the estimated calories for 5 buns are 406 kcal.
I have to ask about storage. If I was to freeze them, should it be before or after cooking? And assuming they’re not all devoured on the day, how long do they keep and what is the best way to store them please?
Hi Frances! For pan-fried buns, you can freeze the uncooked ones (right after the second rise) then cook the usual way without defrosting. Alternatively, keep the cooked ones in the fridge for 2 days or in the freezer for 2 months. Defrost first then reheat with a little oil. Hope this helps!
Your post mentioned that this recipe is very similar to shui Jian Bao. What modifications would you make to the recipe to make shui Jian Bao? Thanks for this site – I successfully made dumplings with a crispy skirt and it was a big hit!
Shui Jian Bao is a name used in northern regions of China for this type of pan-fried yeast buns (Though Taiwanese use this term too). They’re usually a little bigger and the filling can be more versatile. But the dough and cooking method is essentially the same. Very happy to know you’ve enjoyed my dumpling recipes!
Hi Wei, I tried this recipe. My family enjoy it very much. Thank you for sharing this wonderful recipe. And also thanks for the step by step and clear instructions. Take care and stay safe 😊
You’re welcome Joyce! Glad my recipe worked well for you.
Hi Wei, how do I know if the meat within is cooked or not?
If you follow all the steps explained in my recipe, the meat in your bao will be cooked for sure.
Made this two days ago. I was a little apprehensive of this recipe, since I’ve had this at restaurants. (It looks difficult to cook) Used 5 Spice alternative which my kids LOVED and devoured so quickly, I was so surprised. I can’t master the pretty pleats (yet) but practice makes perfect. I will definitely make again. This steamed up a lot faster than I thought.
That’s wonderful to hear! It’s not difficult to make once you know the tricks. Wish you a fun time practising pleating skills!
Hi Wei, may I ask if i can steam the buns then freeze it, and use the same pan fry method like you did to refresh it when I need to get them ready? I just don’t want to freeze raw meat. Thank you!
Yes, cooked buns freeze very well. Defrost them in the fridge then pan-fry the same way. Just remember to reduce the water pouring in the pan as the buns are already cooked. Happy cooking!
Wei, just wanted to thank you for this recipe! My first attempt at bao, and my friends loved it 🙂
Also wanted to give a shout out to you for still replying to all these comments, it’s really heartwarming! Happy new year!
Happy New Year to you too Jonathan! So happy to hear that you enjoyed this dish. Wish you a great time in your kitchen in 2021!
Hello Wei,
Is it possible to make the dough in advance and prepare the filling when you want to make the buns?
I did read that you can make the buns in advance, freeze them and eat them when you want. But I prefer not to freeze meats.
With kind regards,
R
Since this dough involves yeast and proofing process, you can not make the dough in advance.
These were delicious and reheated nicely the next day with a little water in the pan, as suggested in another comment. I think my folding needs some practice – I couldn’t get it completely sealed at the opening but they were still presentable and delicious. Thank you for the recipe! I looked for a Rice Noodle Roll (cheung fun) recipe on your site but couldn’t find one – I think that will be my next Chinese cooking project 🙂
Wonderful that you’ve enjoyed making them! Cheung Fun is on my to-write list. Hopefully I’ll publish it in the near future.
Hello Wei, thank you for this recipe! I will be making these this weekend!
With these baos, can I put them on parchment paper and steam instead of pan frying? Thank you in advance for any assistance!
Yes, you can. I have a post on Steamed Bao Buns which includes many cooking tips. You might find it helpful. Happy steaming!
Hello Wei!
My mom is from Shanghai and the other day she was reminiscing about all the food from her childhood. It prompted me to ‘Google’ Xiao Long Bao, and that’s how I found you! 🙂 For a novice like me, I think they came out fine. My mother declared that they were excellent and she knew exactly what they were LOL!
Now, I’d like to try again, but double the recipe. How much yeast should I use? Instinct is telling me that I should not double the yeast. How much yeast should I use for 4 cups of flour?
Thanks again!
Hi Carolyn! You’ll need to double the yeast for double volume of flour. If not, you’ll need longer time for proofing. Happy cooking!
Thank you for this easy recipe! Our sons love it
My pleasure to share!
Can the buns be made in advance and frozen until when required? And cooked in the recommended method?
Hi Micheline! You can freeze the buns after they are assembled and rested. You don’t need to defrost before cooking. Use the same method to fry. It will take a little longer to cook through.
I tried the recipe today and it went pretty well but I had to use way more than 9 tbsp of water for the dough.. it took around 15tbsp of water for the dough to come together. Also used 350g of pork instead of 250g because it looked like very little.. The flavour was still good and it came out perfect! Also it was very hard to tell how large to roll out the dough. These were smaller than I expected but will definitely will make it again with more filling.
Thank you Joy for trying out my recipe. I’m very surprised to hear that you’ve used 15 tbsp of water (225ml) for 250g flour. Your Ratio is almost 1:1. For Chinese type of dough (leavened or unleavened), the ideal ratio is 1 part of flour with a little bit over 1/2 part of water (All my other dough recipes use this ratio). I wonder if your measurement of flour was accurate enough. Authentic Sheng Jian Bao are quite small in size. The wrappers shouldn’t be too thin. Otherwise you’ll lose the fluffiness of the cooked dough. Each wrapper should measure no more than 10cm in diameter. Hope this helps!
This looks sooo good! I really want to try it. I was wondering if this recipe would work with ground beef?
Yes Winnie! It would be very tasty if you use ground beef that’s not too lean. Happy cooking!
Hi Wei! I love your blog!! It has been an amazing surprise to find it and to be able to try some of your recipes. I missed a lot this baos from Shanghai and I tried them today to give a surprise to my wife and although the taste was right but not as well the aspect :). I definitely have to improve my shaping and wrapping skills but I wanted to check with you about the cooking time. I carefully followed the recipe and got 20 discs (around 12cm each) but meat only for 10 so I put half of the water (covering around half of the baos) and after 5 minutes the water was gone. Since I had the impression that the dough wasn’t properly cooked (it was very wet from the water and steam) I mistakenly put more water and ended in overcooked baos :(. Could you let me know more or less how long should be cooking? As I saw them so wet after 5m, I thought they weren’t properly cooked… Thank you!!!
Hi John! Here are my answers to your questions.
For frying 20 buns, it takes me 7 mins to cook (from the moment I pour in the water). The time required may vary a little depending on the performance of each cooker, the quality of the pan and how tightly the lid fits on the pan. As I described in the recipe, if the water has completely evaporated, the buns are cooked.
Authentic Sheng Jian Bao are quite small in size. I think you’ve rolled out the wrappers too big. They should be about 10cm in diameter. The dough weighs 400g so each wrapper is 20g. My recipe makes about 360g filling (meat + all the other ingredients) so each bun holds about 18g of filling which I think is perfect for Sheng Jian Bao. After assembling (before resting), each bun measures about 5 cm in diameter.
Hope this helps!
thank you Wei! Very precise answer!! Indeed the main issue was that the ones I tried in Shanghai were bigger and that was the reference I used :). Next time I know it and as well how long more or less to cook them. I am looking forward to cook them again! Thanks again, much appreciated!!!
Hi Wei, I have a question how, many grams does each dough weigh to get exactly 20 pieces in total. Thanks
Hi Joyce! Each wrapper weighs about 20 grams.
Thanks so much, Wei. I made these with a chicken filling and they were the perfect mouth size. Your recipe is A++!
Hi! Is it possible to prepare the dough the night before and let it rise slowly in the fridge? I’d love to prepare the dough beforehand and be able to make the buns in the morning for breakfast. Thanks!
Yes you can. But you need to bring the dough back to room temperature, then start shaping the buns.
Hi Wei, I was wondering once the buns are in the pan, how long do I simmer it for to make sure (the meat is completely cooked) and will I need to turn the heat lower when I simmer it with the water?
Hi Zoe! Follow my instructions precisely. Always cook on high heat. Add 1 cup of cold water as suggested. They will be cooked when all the water has evaporated. You don’t need to count the time. If you cook a smaller batch, reduce the water accordingly (it should be about 1/3 to 1/2 height of the bao). Hope this helps.
Does the pork need to be cooked prior to shaping into balls and into the dough? I didn’t see instructions on cooking the pork but I assume it needs to be cooked before filling the bun.
You don’t cook the pork beforehand. As I mentioned in the instructions, you mix the raw meat with seasonings to make the filling. Also, you don’t need to shape the filling into balls. Just place a spoonful in the middle of the wrapper then pleat. If you are interested, have a look at my tutorial video of Steamed Bao Buns which shows you the filling & assembling techniques.
Thank you! I was hoping for a quick response since I have the dough rising now 🤗 so excited
Made these bad boys and turned out a hit with the family. It’s rare to have first attempts meet expectations, but your recipe was spot on. Thanks!
That’s great to hear! My great pleasure to share. They are one of the favourites in our Red House too.
Hi Wei, I tried making these last night but I found that the buns tended to stick to my plate and when transferring them to my pan to cook, it was such a nightmare trying to peel them off the plate and I broke the skins of many of them 🙁 Do you have any tips on what to do between making the buns and cooking them? Do you tend to put them on a separate plate, or do you just cook them as soon as you’re done wrapping them? many thanks! 🙂
Sorry to hear that YuXin. After assembling, you need to lay the buns on a flat surface (worktop, a chopping board, a tray) dusted with flour to prevent sticking. Ideally they need to rest for 15 mins or so before frying, as I mentioned in the recipe. Hope this helps.
It was not easy to make attractive looking bao (even though you make it look easy! haha), but they tasted great and took us right back to Shanghai. Already passed the recipe on to others and will make again for sure! 🙂
Thank you Tina for sharing my recipe with others. Very happy to know you’ve enjoyed these buns.
Hi! do you use all purpose flour or bread flour?
I always use all-purpose flour. It works very well!
Thank you!
Hi Wei!
This looks delicious!! I’m wondering if this recipe would work well with ground turkey as well?
Yes Jane. You may replace pork mince with ground turkey. Happy cooking!
Just made them. Your recipe was super! i will definitely make them again. I was thinking of trying different variations on the pork but this was really excellent. One question I had, would it be ok to keep in the refrigerator for a day (rather than freezer)? Thank you for sharing.
Thank you Elly for trying out my recipe! Yes, you can store cooked bao in the fridge. To reheat: Place them in a hot frying pan, pour in some water. Cover to cook until water is completely evaporated.
They look amazing!!! What sort of dipping sauce do you use for them?
Hi Nicole, I usually serve them with my homemade chilli oil and a drop of Chinese black rice vinegar. You can also find some inspirations in my post on “Six Dumpling Dipping Sauces“.
is there any substitute for yeast, like baking powder? i would like to make these but theres no yeast left to be bought ):
I’m afraid you can not replace yeast with baking powder for this recipe. There are two solutions: Use unleavened dumpling wrappers and the same filling. Fry them the same way. Or you could try making a sourdough starter to replace yeast.
Can you substitute honey for the sugar when making the dough?
Yes you can. Make sure you dissolve the honey in water then add to the flour.
I love the fillings! Very close to what I used to have in HK.
However, wonder if you can help me on the dough? It came out chewy, one thing I have done differently is – I let it rise for 8 hours and knead twice. Was it too long and too much kneading ?
Hi Mimi! 8 hours is definitely too long if you’ve followed my recipe. You need to reduce the yeast volume if you plan to leave the dough to rise for an extended time. Alternatively, you may leave the dough to rise in the fridge. The low temperature will slow down the fermentation process. Over kneading also causes chewy dough as it tightens the gluten network.
I made these this evening, substituting ground chicken thigh for pork, and they turned out great! Thank you so much for sharing this recipe and for the amazing Instagram posts (especially the ones showing various ways to fold them).
You are welcome Adam! Chicken thigh is a good choice (Chicken breast would be too lean). Very happy to know that you have enjoyed my dumpling guide!
Oh my god!!! Thank you so much for sharing this recipe! I’ve been craving these ever since I left Shanghai a year ago, and I can’t find them anywhere!
You are welcome Krystal. Happy cooking!
What would you suggest serving with these to make a meal?
In Chinese household, it’s very popular to serve stuffed buns with congee (粥, Zhou), aka Chinese rice porridge. Soup is another option, eg, Egg drop soup (蛋花汤), Hot & sour soup (酸辣汤), etc..To add a bit of “green” to the meal, you can also prepare a vegetable salad dish.
Very good recipe and easy to follow. I made it and taste so yummy! Thanks
So happy to hear that Rita. Thank you for trying out my recipe!
Sorry Kennedy I don’t know it exactly. I suggest you find an online calorie calculator to work out the result.
Hi,
I tried the sheng jian bao in Shanghai and have been trying to replicate it ever since, the only thing is that none of the recipes I have tried manage to get the final dumpling with filled woth enough of that nice juicy soup like the ones in China, I tried adding more stock to the meat and not even then maybe I can try trippñing the anlubt of stock/water I am out of ideas, does your dumpligs end up juicy enough? Not moist but literally beofre eating it do tou have to ipen little holes in it otherwise the hot souo inside could blow up and burn you, that’s the juiciness I need fornmy dumplings, any thoughts? Thanks
Hi! I guess that you might have confused Sheng Jian Bao with Chinese Guan Tang Bao (灌汤包, Soup dumpling) which has lots of liquid inside the wrapper (the same effect as what you described). The latter is steamed instead of being pan fried. Of course, you can make Sheng Jian Bao with juice inside if you wish. The trick is to add some pork rind jelly (肉皮冻) to the filling. Just make sure you remove the pork rind pieces before cooling and chop the jelly into small pieces before adding into the filling.
Hope this is helpful to you. Happy cooking!
That was the key thank you!!!!!, no definitely I was aiming for a juicy sheng jian bao, I tried two places in Shanghai the most famous according to locals in the train station (not the best for me not so juicy) and some little shop near my hotel, those were the best, juicy inside and crunchy fried on the outside, the pork jelly makes all the difference for me, xie xie!
You are more than welcome Fox! You are right. The so-called famous ones are not always great. Instead the humble little cafes often surprise you.
Hi Wei, thanks for sharing the receipt to make such delicious Pan-fried pork buns. Would you please to instruct me how to make the sauce?. Many thanks!
Kim Phuong (from Vietnam)
Hi Kim! Thank you for your interest in my recipes. For the dipping sauce advices, please refer to the last paragraph of the post (right above the recipe box). You will find the links there. Happy cooking!
Hi Joyce, Thank you for popping by! There are many vegetarian versions of filling for Chinese dumplings and buns. Check out the filling for Chinese chive pockets (https://redhousespice.com/chinese-chive-pockets/). Happy cooking!
Thanks Wei! I think I’ll give that a try!
You are welcome Joyce. Hope you like it!
So I’m about two years late on making these, but I finally made them and they did not disappoint! I’ve made several recipes from your blog during lockdown and they have all hit the spot. My only regret with these tasty pork buns is that I couldn’t share them with anyone. Thank you!!
Hi Joyce! Very happy to know my recipes have brought you some happiness during the lockdown. Great food gives us strength and hope which is much needed right now. Stay safe & cook more!
Hi Wei, this recipe looks fantastic. I wonder if you have a vegetarian version? My husband is vegetarian and I would like to try this out so that both of us can enjoy it. Thanks!
Hi Wei, can you make the buns ahead of time before panfrying?
Hi Jennifer! Yes you can make them ahead. After all the buns are assembled and left to rest for 15 minutes (resting is essential), you can lay them on a tray (dust with flour or line with parchment paper) to freeze. Then put them in an air-tight bag when totally frozen. You may pan fry them the normal way (without defrosting). Just increase a little bit the volume of water needed for steaming. Happy cooking!
I made them today! Thank you. They came out delicious! My husband was impressed.
That’s great! My pleasure Jennifer!
Hi Wei, what’s the brand of flour that you use? Thank you! – jenny
Hi Jenny! I normally buy flour from UK’s mainstream supermarkets. Tesco plain flour for example. Have a lovely day!
I tried this recipe tonight and it was really wonderful! I didn’t put in the ingredients that my family normally wouldn’t eat so they like the buns a lot. Thanks for writing such an easy-to-follow recipe, Wei!
Oh! That’s wonderful! You are more than welcome Zhien! Will share more recipes with passionate readers like you.
Hi Wei. I’m attempting to make your Sheng Jian Bao recipe today. I really miss these after eating lots of them in Shanghai the other year!!
Just one quick question, roughly how much water do you add to the pan when steaming? Is it just enough to cover the bottom of the pan?
Thanks Cath
Hi Cath! As shown in the list of ingredients (the group “for frying”), I use 1 cup of water (240ml) to fry 20 buns in a 28cm frying pan. You don’t need to be that precise. But my measurement gives you a good idea of the usage. Hope this helps and happy cooking!!